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Behind the Headlines: APA News Blog

Academic Version: Applying my personal experiences and academic research as a professor of Sociology and Asian American Studies to provide a more complete understanding of political, economic, and cultural issues and current events related to American race relations, and Asia/Asian America in particular.

Plain English: Trying to put my Ph.D. to good use.

October 3, 2007

Written by C.N.

Indian Americans Emulate Jewish Americans

Through the years, some scholars in Asian American Studies have occasionally described the cultural and socioeconomic similarities between Indian Americans and Jewish Americans. But as the New York Times reports, these connections are becoming much more common and socially significant in a lot of ways:

Indian-Americans, who now number 2.4 million in this country, are turning to American Jews as role models and partners in areas like establishing community centers, advocating on civil rights issues and lobbying Congress.

Indians often say they see a version of themselves and what they hope to be in the experience of Jews in American politics: a small minority that has succeeded in combating prejudice and building political clout. . . .

The American Jewish Committee, like some other Jewish groups, has worked with Indians on immigration and hate crimes legislation. It has taken three groups of Indian-Americans to Israel, where they have met Arabs and Palestinians, as well as Jews.

Many Indian-Americans, like the Godhwanis and others with the India Community Center in Milpitas, Calif., have taken an avowedly nonsectarian approach in creating institutions. But among Hindus, who are a majority in India and among Indian-Americans here, some assert that a vital bond they share with Jews is the threat to India and Israel from Muslim terrorists.

Most Jewish groups, however, have tried to avoid a sectarian cast to their work with Indian-Americans. Instead, Jews said they were struck by the parallels between the issues that Jews and Indians had faced.

“It echoes 30 years ago,” said Rabbi Abraham Cooper, associate dean of the Wiesenthal center. “There is the same feeling of a growing community that says, ‘We want our voices to be represented, and how do we that?’”

As I’ve written about before and as my article on Socioeconomic Data and Demographics show, Indian Americans are in many ways, the most successful Asian ethnic group in the U.S. At the same time, there have been instances that demonstrate a rising wave of Indian nationalism in the U.S. as well.

As the article also discusses, these two developments represent a potentially thorny issue for Indian Americans. That is, on the one hand, they want to assert that they have fully integrated into the American mainstream and should be regarded as “full” citizens who achieved the American dream.

But on the other hand, many Indian Americans also want to assert a more nationalistic identity, which other Indian Americans and non-Indians say would only divide their community and shut out the American mainstream from their community.

In that sense, modeling themselves after the Jewish American community seems like a wise move, as Jewish Americans have plenty of experience in dealing with such complicated issues. They may not have all the answers, nor would they claim to have total unity among all Jewish Americans, but as a sociologist, I see many potentially positive aspects of these kinds of cross-cultural alliances.

October 1, 2007

Written by C.N.

New Citizenship Test

You might have heard that the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS, formerly known as the Immigration and Naturalization Service, or ‘INS’) will be implementing a new and expanded test that each immigrant is required to pass in order to earn U.S. citizenship. As the New York Times reports, the new test is the first major overhaul in more than 20 years:

The redesign of the test . . . follows years of criticism in which conservatives said the test was too easy and immigrant advocates said it was too hard. The new questions did little to quell that debate among many immigrant groups, who complained that the citizenship test would become even more daunting. Conservatives seemed to be more satisfied. . . .

Several historians said the new questions successfully incorporated more ideas about the workings of American democracy and better touched upon the diversity of the groups — including women, American Indians and African-Americans — who have influenced the country’s history. . . .

In a statement today, the Illinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights, one of the groups consulted in shaping the new test, denounced it as “the final brick in the second wall.” The group said the test included “more abstract and irrelevant questions” that tended to stump hard-working immigrants who had little time to study.

But several historians said the test appeared to be fair.

The USCIS also offers a comparison of the current questions versus the new, revised questions. In my initial reading of the new versus old questions, it seems to me that many questions are virtually the same, some are a little easier, and a few more are a little harder. In fact, as the article points out, immigrants who do well on the new revised test are likely to know more about American history and civics than most Americans.

So the question is, is that fair? Should immigrants be expected to, in effect, know more than the typical U.S.-born American? As I wrote earlier, recent data suggests that Americans tend to feel that in determining who qualifies to be “American,” actions are more important than origin.

That’s encouraging to know because if immigrants who pass the new citizenship test are likely to know more about American democratic ideals than U.S.-born Americans, that should mean that such immigrants may deserve to be called “Super Americans.”

I’m exaggerating of course, but my point is this — if we as a society are going to raise the bar for who gets to become an American, those who cross that bar — regardless of where they come from or what religion they observe — deserve our most sincere congratulations and welcome as full-fledged, equal members of American society.